Facilitated communication (FC) has been a controversial topic in autism and communication studies. It has inspired hope for non-verbal individuals while facing criticism from the scientific community. This article delves into the origins, methods, controversies, and potential alternatives to FC.
What Is Facilitated Communication?
Facilitated communication is a technique developed in the 1970s to assist individuals with severe communication difficulties, including those with autism. The method involves a trained facilitator physically supporting the individual’s hand, wrist, or arm to help them type or point to letters, words, or symbols on a communication device.
The Theory Behind FC
Advocates of FC believe that many non-verbal individuals possess untapped cognitive abilities that can be unlocked through physical support. They argue that the facilitator merely aids motor skills, allowing the communicator’s thoughts to be expressed.
Tools Used in FC
- Letterboards – Simple boards with letters and numbers for spelling out messages.
- Keyboards – Standard or adaptive keyboards for typing.
- Symbol Boards – Visual aids with images and symbols for users who struggle with text-based communication.
Origins and Development of Facilitated Communication
FC was first developed in Australia by Rosemary Crossley, who worked with individuals with severe physical and communication impairments. It gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in the U.S., as a revolutionary way to enable non-verbal individuals to “speak.”
Initial Success Stories
- Families and practitioners reported remarkable breakthroughs, with individuals sharing thoughts and emotions for the first time.
- Media coverage highlighted these success stories, fueling public interest and hope.
Expansion into Autism Interventions
As the autism community sought more ways to help non-verbal individuals, FC became an appealing option. Schools and clinics began incorporating FC into their programs, and training for facilitators grew rapidly.
Alternatives to Facilitated Communication
As FC’s credibility declined, alternative methods emerged to support individuals with autism in developing communication skills.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)
AAC encompasses a wide range of tools and strategies designed to help individuals with speech and language challenges.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) Techniques
Applying ABA-based communication training helps individuals develop foundational skills like making eye contact, pointing, and vocalizing.
- Natural Environment Teaching (NET):
Focuses on teaching communication in real-life contexts. - Verbal Behavior Therapy (VBT):
Emphasizes teaching individuals to understand and use language effectively.
The Future of Communication Support for Autism
The controversies surrounding FC have highlighted the importance of evidence-based practices. While FC’s legacy remains debated, it has spurred ongoing research into innovative communication methods.
Emerging Technologies
- AI-Powered Communication Tools:
Tools leveraging artificial intelligence to improve language comprehension and generation for non-verbal users. - Eye-Tracking Devices:
Advanced systems allowing individuals to communicate through eye movements.
Collaborative Approaches
Interdisciplinary teams—including speech therapists, behavior analysts, educators, and caregivers—play a crucial role in tailoring communication strategies to individual needs.
Facilitated communication sparked important discussions about the need for inclusive and effective communication methods for individuals with autism. While its methods have been met with controversy, its intent—to provide a voice to the voiceless—carries profound significance. Empowering individuals with autism to express themselves authentically remains central to this ongoing journey. At SkyCare ABA, we are dedicated to delivering compassionate and evidence-based ABA therapy to help individuals develop meaningful communication skills. If you’re seeking an ABA therapist in Georgia, New Jersey, Arizona, Massachusetts, and Ohio, contact us today to discover how we can support your family’s journey toward empowerment and growth!
Sources:
https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/therapies-guide/facilitated-communication
https://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/what-is-facilitated-communication
https://asatonline.org/for-parents/learn-more-about-specific-treatments/facilitated-communication/